The Solid-liquid separation with ceramic membranes is a process of mechanical separation technology in which solid particles or colloidal substances are separated from a liquid. A porous ceramic diaphragm as a filter medium which, due to its defined pore structure, only allows certain components to pass through while others are retained.
Functional principle
The separation is made by Membrane filtrationin which the liquid is guided past the membrane under pressure. Depending on the pore size and pressure difference, different separation processes can be realized, for example:
- Microfiltration (pores < 1 µm)
- Ultrafiltration (pores < 0.1 µm)
- Nanofiltration and Reverse osmosis (even finer pores)
Solid particles and macromolecules remain on the membrane surface or in its pores (retentate), while the purified liquid (permeate) passes through.
Properties and advantages of ceramic membranes
Ceramic membranes usually consist of Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), Zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) or Titanium dioxide (TiO₂). They are characterized by:
- High chemical and thermal resistance,
- Long service life,
- Mechanical stability and
- Good cleanability (CIP-capable)
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This makes them particularly suitable for applications where polymer-based membranes reach their limits - for example in the case of high temperatures, aggressive media or abrasive solids.
Areas of application
Ceramic membrane processes are used in numerous industries:
- Food and beverage industry (e.g. wine or juice clarification)
- Biotechnology and pharmaceuticals (cell separation, fermentation broths)
- Chemical industry (catalyst recovery, wastewater treatment)
- Environmental technology (sewage sludge and process water treatment)
Summary
The solid-liquid separation with ceramic diaphragms offers a Efficient, sustainable and robust solution for many industrial filtration tasks. Thanks to their durability and resistance, ceramic membranes are an economically attractive alternative to conventional filtration processes - especially under demanding process conditions.
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