Sensors

Short definition

Sensor technology includes all measuring devices for recording physical, chemical or biological process variables and converting them into electrical signals. Sensors form the primary interface between the process and the automation system and provide the data basis for control, monitoring and documentation. They work according to various measuring principles such as resistive, capacitive, inductive, optical or electrochemical. In membrane filtration systems, sensors record critical parameters such as pressure, flow rate, temperature, turbidity, conductivity and pH value for optimum process control.

Functional principle

Sensors convert physical measured variables into electrical output signals (analog 4-20mA, 0-10V or digital via fieldbus). Pressure sensors use piezoresistive or capacitive measuring cells, flow sensors work according to the magnetic-inductive, ultrasonic or Coriolis principle. Analytical sensors such as pH, redox or turbidity sensors are based on electrochemical or optical measuring principles. Modern smart sensors integrate signal processing, linearization, temperature compensation and self-diagnosis. IO-Link enables bidirectional communication for parameterization and extended diagnostic data. Wireless sensors transmit measured values via radio in areas that are difficult to access.

Areas of application

Sensor technology is the foundation of every automated membrane filtration system. It enables real-time monitoring of all process-relevant parameters, forms the basis for control loops and alarms and provides complete documentation for quality management and compliance. Modern sensor technology with predictive maintenance functions detects creeping process changes such as membrane fouling at an early stage and optimizes cleaning intervals.

Typical areas of application:

• Differential pressure measurement for fouling detection
• Turbidity sensors for permeate quality monitoring
• Conductivity measurement for cleaning efficiency control
• Inline viscosity measurement for concentration processes
• Optical particle counters for validation of filtrate quality

Summary

High-quality sensor technology is a prerequisite for precise process control, quality assurance and economical plant operation. It enables data-driven optimization and meets regulatory documentation requirements. For operators, it means process understanding, early warning of faults and the database for continuous improvement in membrane filtration systems.